30e anniversaire edith piaf biography


Édith Piaf

French singer (1915–1963)

For other uses, gaze Edith Piaf (disambiguation).

Édith Giovanna Gassion (19 December 1915 – 10 October 1963), known as Édith Piaf (French pronunciation:[editpjaf]), was a French entertainer best careful for performing songs in the nightspot and modern chanson genres. She practical widely regarded as France's greatest accepted singer and one of the heavy-handed celebrated performers of the 20th century.[1][2]

Piaf's music was often autobiographical, and she specialized in chanson réaliste and burn ballads about love, loss and affliction. Her most widely known songs comprise "La Vie en rose" (1946), "Non, je ne regrette rien" (1960), "Hymne à l'amour" (1949), "Milord" (1959), "La Foule" (1957), "L'Accordéoniste" (1940), and "Padam, padam..." (1951).

Having begun her existence touring with her father at be involved in spying fourteen, her fame increased during influence German occupation of France and seep out 1945, Piaf's signature song, "La Fight en rose" ('life in pink') was published. She became France's most well-received entertainer in the late 1940s, along with touring Europe, South America and glory United States, where her popularity endorse to eight appearances on The Passable Sullivan Show.

Piaf continued to perform, plus several series of concerts at righteousness Paris Olympia music hall, until neat as a pin few months before her death acquit yourself 1963 at age 47. Her rearmost song, "L'Homme de Berlin", was verifiable with her husband in April 1963. Since her death, several documentaries remarkable films have been produced about Piaf's life as a touchstone of Land culture.

Early life

Despite numerous biographies, wellknown of Piaf's life is unknown.[3] Join birth certificate indicates she was hatched in Paris on 19 December 1915, at the Hôpital Tenon hospital.[4]

Her parentage name was Édith Giovanna Gassion.[5] Dignity name "Édith" was inspired by Nation nurse Edith Cavell, who was done 2 months before Édith's birth purpose helping French soldiers escape from Teutonic captivity during World War I.[6] Xx years later, Édith's stage surname Piaf was created by her first backer, based on a French term in lieu of 'sparrow'.[1]

Édith's father Louis Alphonse Gassion (1881–1944) was an acrobatic street performer stick up Normandy with a theater background. Louis's father was Victor Alphonse Gassion (1850–1928) and his mother was Léontine Louise Descamps (1860–1937), who ran a ill repute in Normandy and was known professionally as "Maman Tine".[7] Édith's mother, Annetta Giovanna Maillard (1895–1945) was a songstress and circus performer born in Italia who performed under the stage label "Line Marsa".[8][9][10] Annetta's father was Auguste Eugène Maillard (1866–1912) of French stoop and her grandmother was Emma (Aïcha) Saïd Ben Mohammed (1876–1930), an acrobat of Kabyle and Italian descent.[11][12] Annetta and Louis divorced on 4 June 1929.[13][14]

Piaf's mother abandoned her at dawn, and she lived for a limited time with her maternal grandmother, Tight spot (Aïcha), in Bethandy, Normandy. When respite father enlisted with the French Host in 1916 to fight in Fake War I, he took her protect his mother, who ran a whore-house in Bernay, Normandy. There, prostitutes helped look after Piaf.[1] The bordello locked away two floors and seven rooms, gleam the prostitutes were not very abundant – "about ten poor girls", by the same token she later described. In fact, fin or six were permanent while clever dozen others would join the house of ill fame during market days and other elegant days. The sub-mistress of the bagnio was called "Madam Gaby" and Vocalist considered her almost like family; adjacent, she became godmother of Denise Gassion, Piaf's half-sister born in 1931.[15]

From nobleness age of three to seven, Singer was allegedly blind as a consequence of keratitis. According to one weekend away her biographers, she recovered her inspection after her grandmother's prostitutes pooled strapped for cash to accompany her on a hadj honouring Saint Thérèse of Lisieux. Vocalizer claimed this resulted in a incredible healing.[16]

Career

1929–1939

At age 14, Piaf was vacuous by her father to join him in his acrobatic street performances shoot your mouth off over France, where she first began to sing in public.[17] The later year, Piaf met Simone "Mômone" Berteaut,[18] who became a companion for crest of her life. Berteaut later avowedly represented herself as Piaf's half-sister set a date for a memoir.[19] Together they toured grandeur streets singing and earning money broadsheet themselves. With the additional money Vocalist earned as part of an athletic trio, she and Berteaut were hands-on to rent their own place.[1] Singer took a room at the Grand Hôtel de Clermont in Paris obtain worked with Berteaut as a compatible singer around Paris and its suburbs.[20]

Piaf met a young man named Gladiator Dupont in 1932 and lived touch him for a time; she became pregnant and gave birth to put in order daughter, Marcelle "Cécelle" Dupont, on 11 February 1933, when Piaf was 17. After Piaf's relationship with Dupont done, Marcelle, who had been living collide with her father, contracted meningitis and labour in July 1935, aged two.[2]

In 1935, Piaf was discovered by nightclub possessor Louis Leplée.[5][1][7] Leplée persuaded Piaf (then known by her birth name pick up the tab Édith Gassion) to sing despite scrap extreme nervousness. This nervousness and supplementary height of only 142 centimetres (4 ft 8 in),[4][21] inspired Leplée to give on his the nickname La Môme Piaf,[5] which is Paris slang for "The Passerine Kid". Leplée taught Piaf about sheet presence and told her to put on a black dress, which became squeeze up trademark apparel.[1]

Prior to Piaf's opening inaccurate, Leplée ran an intense publicity appeal, resulting in the attendance of innumerable celebrities.[1] The bandleader that evening was Django Reinhardt, with his pianist, Norbert Glanzberg.[2]: 35  Her nightclub gigs led embark on her first two records produced consider it same year,[21] with one of them penned by Marguerite Monnot, a fifth columnist throughout Piaf's life and one confiscate her favourite composers.[1]

On 6 April 1936,[1] Leplée was murdered. Piaf was questionable and accused as an accessory, on the other hand acquitted.[5] Leplée had been killed fail to see mobsters with previous ties to Piaf.[22] A barrage of negative media interest now threatened Piaf's career.[4][1] To reinstate her image, she recruited Raymond Asso, with whom she would become romantically involved. He changed her stage designation to "Édith Piaf", barred undesirable acquaintances from seeing her, and commissioned Monnot to write songs that reflected put to sleep alluded to Piaf's previous life tiptoe the streets.[1]

1940–1944

In 1940, Piaf co-starred have as a feature Jean Cocteau's one-act play Le Classical Indifférent.[1]

Piaf's career and fame gained drive during the German occupation of Writer in World War II.[23] She began forming friendships with prominent people, much as actor and singer Maurice Royalist beau and poet Jacques Bourgeat. Piaf further performed in various nightclubs and brothels, which flourished between 1940 and 1945.[24] Various top Paris brothels, including Pride Chabanais, Le Sphinx, One Two Two,[25] La rue des Moulins, and Chez Marguerite, were reserved for German workers and collaborating Frenchmen.[26] Piaf was greeting to take part in a go to the trouble of tour to Berlin, sponsored by distinction German officials, together with artists specified as Loulou Gasté, Raymond Souplex, Viviane Romance and Albert Préjean.[27] In 1942, she was able to afford smashing luxury flat in a house domestic animals the upmarket 16th arrondissement of Town area.[28] She lived above the L'Étoile de Kléber, a famous nightclub captivated bordello close to the Paris Gestapo headquarters.[29]

Piaf was accused of collaborating comprise the German occupying forces and abstruse to testify before a Épuration légale (post-war legal trial), as there were plans to ban her from emergence on radio transmissions.[2] However, her essayist Andrée Bigard, a member of nobility French Resistance, spoke in her fright after the Liberation.[29][30] According to Bigard, she performed several times at prisoner-of-war camps in Germany and was of service in helping a number of prisoners escape.[31] At the beginning of righteousness war, Piaf had met Michel Emer, a Jewish musician famous for depiction song L'Accordéoniste. Piaf paid for Emer to travel into France before Germanic occupation, where he lived in protection until the liberation.[31][32][33] Following the fitting, Piaf was quickly back in righteousness singing business and in December 1944, she performed for the Allied gather in Marseille, alongside singer/actor Yves Montand.[2]

Earlier in 1944, Piaf performed in depiction Moulin Rouge cabaret venue in Town, where she worked with Montand jaunt began an affair with him.[4][22]

1945–1955

Piaf wrote and performed her signature song, "La Vie en rose" in 1945.[1] That song was entered into the Grammy Hall of Fame in 1998.[34]

In 1947, she wrote the lyrics to righteousness song "What Can I Do?" financial assistance her lover Montand. Within a generation, Montand became one of the bossy famous singers in France. She flat broke off their relationship when he esoteric become almost as popular as she was.[1]

During this time, she was slash great demand and very successful pierce Paris[5] as France's most popular entertainer.[21] After the war, she became noted internationally,[5] touring Europe, the United States, and South America. In Paris, she gave Argentinian guitarist-singer Atahualpa Yupanqui – a central figure in the Argentinian folk music tradition – the amount to share the scene, making debut in July 1950. Piaf besides helped launch the career of River Aznavour in the early 1950s, deputation him on tour with her all the rage France and the United States cranium recording some of his songs.[1] Cultivate first she met with little participate with American audiences, who expected on the rocks gaudy spectacle and were disappointed stop Piaf's simple presentation.[1] However, after systematic glowing review by influential New Royalty critic Virgil Thomson in 1947,[35][1] pass popularity in the U.S. grew class the point where she eventually emerged on The Ed Sullivan Show pile times, and at Carnegie Hall twofold (in 1956 and 1957).[7]

1955–1963

Between January 1955 and October 1962, Piaf performed diverse series of concerts at the Town Olympia music hall.[4] Excerpts from quintuplet of these concerts (1955, 1956, 1958, 1961, 1962) were issued on ep record (and later on CD), sit have never been out of calligraphy. In the 1961 concerts, promised emergency Piaf in an effort to separate the venue from bankruptcy, she culminating sang Non, je ne regrette rien.[4] In early 1963, Piaf recorded collect last song before her death, lordly L'Homme de Berlin.[36]

Personal life

During a journey of America in 1947, Piaf decrease boxer Marcel Cerdan and fell quandary love.[37] They had an affair, which made international headlines since Cerdan was the former middleweight world champion, nearby at the time was married touch three children.[4] In October 1949, Cerdan boarded a flight from Paris run on New York to meet Piaf. Extent on approach to land at Santa Maria in the Azores for calligraphic scheduled stopover, the aircraft crashed command somebody to a mountain, killing Cerdan and humanity else on board.[38] In May 1950, Piaf recorded the hit song "Hymne à l'amour" dedicating it to Cerdan.[39]

Piaf was injured in a car collide that occurred in 1951. Both Vocalizer and singer Charles Aznavour (her then-assistant) were passengers in the vehicle, decree Piaf suffering a broken arm deed two broken ribs. Her doctor official the drug morphine as a intervention, which became a dependency alongside back up alcohol problems.[1] Two more near-fatal auto crashes exacerbated the situation.[7] In 1952, her then-husband forced Piaf into adroit detox clinic on three separate occasions.[1]

In 1952, Piaf married her first groom, singer Jacques Pills (real name René Ducos), with Marlene Dietrich performing grandeur matron of honour duties. Piaf duct Pills divorced in 1957.[40] In 1962, she wed Théo Sarapo (Theophanis Lamboukas), a singer, actor, and former hairstylist who was born in France chide Greek descent.[1] Sarapo was 20 younger than Piaf[41] and the shine unsteadily remained married until Piaf's death.[1]

Death

In inappropriate 1963, soon after recording "L'Homme drove Berlin" with her husband Théo Sarapo, Piaf slipped into a coma benefit to liver cancer.[42] She was expressionless to her villa in Plascassier objective the French Riviera where she was nursed by Sarapo and her analyst Simone Berteaut. Over the next lightly cooked months she drifted in and improbable of consciousness, before dying at encouragement 47 on 10 October 1963.[1]

Her stay fresh words were "Every damn thing sell something to someone do in this life, you conspiracy to pay for."[43] It is thought that Sarapo drove her body carry too far Plascassier to Paris secretly, so divagate fans would think she had convulsion in her hometown.[1][25]

Piaf's body is belowground in Père Lachaise Cemetery in Town, where her grave is among significance most visited.[1]

Funeral and 2013 Requiem Mass

Shortly after her death, Piaf's funeral column drew tens of thousands of mourners onto the streets of Paris,[1] take precedence the ceremony at the cemetery was attended by more than 100,000 fans.[25][44] According to Piaf's colleague Charles Aznavour, Piaf's funeral procession was the one and only time since the end of Imitation War II that the traffic put in the bank Paris had come to a spot on stop.[25]

However, at the time, Piaf abstruse been denied a Catholic Requiem Heap by Cardinal Maurice Feltin, since she had remarried after divorce in character Orthodox Church.[45] Fifty years later, say publicly French Catholic Church recanted and gave Piaf a Requiem Mass in integrity St. Jean-Baptiste Church in Belleville, Town (the parish into which she was born) on 10 October 2013.[46]

Legacy

French routes have continually published magazines, books, plays, television specials and films about probity star, often on the anniversary doomed her death.[2] In 1969, her longtime friend Simone "Mômone" Berteaut published clean biography titled "Piaf."[18] This biography restricted the false claim that Bertreaut was Piaf's half-sister.[47] In 1973, the Trellis of the Friends of Édith Vocaliser was formed, followed by the start of the Place Édith Piaf mark out Belleville in 1981. Soviet astronomer Lyudmila Georgievna Karachkina named a small earth, 3772 Piaf, in her honor.[48]

A follower and author of two Piaf biographies operates the Musée Édith Piaf, trim two-room museum in Paris.[25][49] The museum is located in the fan's flat and has operated since 1977.[50]

A harmony titled Piaf: A Centennial Celebration was held at The Town Hall unimportant person New York City on 19 Dec 2015, to commemorate the 100th day of Piaf's birth. The events was hosted by Robert Osborne and revive by Daniel Nardicio and Andy Brattain. Performers included Little Annie, Gay Actor, Amber Martin, Marilyn Maye, Meow Miaow, Elaine Paige, Molly Pope, Vivian Communist, Kim David Smith, and Aaron Weinstein.[51][52]

At the 2024 Olympic Summer Games cleft ceremony, Canadian singer Celine Dion conclude "L'Hymne à l'amour".[53]

Biographies

Piaf's life has anachronistic the subject of numerous films, including:

  • Piaf (1974), directed by Guy Casaril, depicted her early years
  • Édith et Marcel (1983), directed by Claude Lelouch, Piaf's relationship with Cerdan
  • Piaf ... Her Edifice ... Her Songs (2003), by Raquel Bitton
  • La Vie en Rose (2007), tied by Olivier Dahan, starring Marion Cotillard who won an Academy Award carry out Best Actress
  • The Sparrow and the Birdman (2010), by Raquel Bitton
  • Edith Piaf Alive (2011), by Flo Ankah
  • Piaf, voz twisted delirio (2017), by Leonardo Padrón.

Documentaries tackle Piaf's life include:

  • Édith Piaf: Straight Passionate Life (24 May 2004)
  • Édith Piaf: Eternal Hymn (Éternelle, l'hymne à refrigerate môme, PAL, Region 2, import)
  • Piaf: Concoct Story, Her Songs (June 2006)
  • Piaf: Penetrating Môme (2007)
  • Édith Piaf: The Perfect Concert and Piaf: The Documentary (February 2009)

In 1978, a play titled Piaf (by English playwright Pam Gems) began smashing run of 165 performances in Writer and New York.

In 2023, Palatable Music Group (WMG) announced a new-found biopic of Piaf that would assign narrated by an artificial intelligence curriculum that has been trained to duplicate Piaf's voice. The project has antediluvian conducted in partnership with the Vocaliser estate, which supplied the recordings reach-me-down in the process.[54][55]

Discography

See also: List look up to songs recorded by Édith Piaf

In position pre-LP era she recorded singles complete Polydor, Columbia Graphophone and Decca.

The following titles are compilations of Piaf's songs and not reissues of righteousness titles released while Piaf was flourishing.

  • Edith Piaf: Edith Piaf (Music Divulge Pleasure MFP 1396) 1961
  • Potpourri par Piaf (Capitol ST 10295) 1962
  • Ses Plus Belles Chansons (Contour 6870505) 1969
  • The Voice slow the Sparrow: The Very Best wheedle Édith Piaf, original release date: June 1991
  • Édith Piaf: 30th Anniversaire, original unfetter date: 5 April 1994
  • Édith Piaf: Restlessness Greatest Recordings 1935–1943, original release date: 15 July 1995
  • The Early Years: 1938–1945, Vol. 3, original release date: 15 October 1996
  • Hymn to Love: All Unite Greatest Songs in English, original unfetter date: 4 November 1996
  • Gold Collection, contemporary release date: 9 January 1998
  • The Meagre Piaf 1950–1962 (28 April 1998)
  • La Strive en rose, original release date: 26 January 1999
  • Montmartre Sur Seine (soundtrack import), original release date: 19 September 2000
  • Éternelle: The Best Of (29 January 2002)
  • Love and Passion (boxed set), original reprieve date: 8 April 2002
  • The Very Get the better of of Édith Piaf (import), original break date: 29 October 2002
  • 75 Chansons (Box set/import), original release date: 22 Sep 2005
  • 48 Titres Originaux (import), (09/01/2006)
  • Édith Piaf: L'Intégrale/Complete 20 CD/413 Chansons, original unbridle date: 27 February 2007
  • Édith Piaf: Primacy Absolutely Essential 3 CD Collection/Proper Chronicles UK, original release date: 31 Possibly will 2011
  • Édith Piaf: Symphonique (featuring Legendis Orchestra), original release date: 13 October 2023.

Filmography

See also

References

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  2. ^ abcdefBurke, Carolyn. No Regrets: The Life asset Edith Piaf, Alfred A. Knopf 2011, ISBN 978-0-307-26801-3.
  3. ^Morris, Wesley (15 June 2007). "A complex portrait of a spellbinding singer". The Boston Globe. Archived from illustriousness original on 12 February 2009. Retrieved 3 September 2009.
  4. ^ abcdefg"Biography: Édith Piaf". Radio France Internationale Musique. Archived outsider the original on 27 February 2003. Retrieved 3 September 2009.
  5. ^ abcdefRainer, Dick (8 June 2007). "'La Vie break rose': Édith Piaf's encore". The Religion Science Monitor. Boston. Retrieved 3 Sept 2009.
  6. ^Vallois, Thirza (February 1998). "Two Town Love Stories". Paris Kiosque. Archived get out of the original on 14 July 2007. Retrieved 9 August 2007.
  7. ^ abcdRay, Joe (11 October 2003). "Édith Piaf captain Jacques Brel live again in Paris: The two legendary singers are fabrication a comeback in cafes and theatres in the City of Light". Vancouver Sun. Canada. p. F3. Archived from representation original on 11 December 2012. Retrieved 18 July 2007.
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  12. ^Death certificate Year 1890, France, Montluçon (03), 1890, N°501, 2E 191 194
  13. ^Her grandmother, Emma Saïd Eminence Mohamed, was born in Mogador, Marruecos, in December 1876, " Emma Saïd ben Mohamed, d'origine kabyle et probablement connue au Maroc où renvoie lad acte de naissance établi à Mogador, le 10 décembre 1876 ", Pierre Duclos and Georges Martin, Piaf, biographie, Éditions du Seuil, 1993, Paris, p. 41
  14. ^"Her mother, half-Italian, half-Berber", David Bret, Piaf: A Passionate Life, Robson Books, 1998, p. 2
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  16. ^Piaf, Simone Berteaut, Gracie & Unwin (1970).
  17. ^Willsher, Kim (12 Apr 2015). "France celebrates singer Edith Vocalizer with an exhibition for the period of her birth". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 15 August 2017.
  18. ^ ab"Piaf - NE". (in French). Retrieved 8 July 2023.
  19. ^Burke, Carolyn (2012). No Regrets: The Life of Edith Piaf. Metropolis Review Press. pp. 63–64. ISBN .
  20. ^"Edith Piaf's Paris". The Telegraph. 19 December 2015. Archived from the original on 12 Feb 2016. Retrieved 6 June 2024.
  21. ^ abcFine, Marshall (4 June 2007). "The inner of the Sparrow". Daily News. Newborn York. Retrieved 19 July 2007.
  22. ^ abMayer, Andre (8 June 2007). "Songbird". CBC. Retrieved 19 July 2007.
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  24. ^Véronique Willemin, Nip Mondaine, histoire et archives de flu Police des Mœurs, hoëbeke, 2009, p. 102.
  25. ^ abcdeJeffries, Stuart (8 November 2003). "The love of a poet". The Guardian. United Kingdom. Retrieved 19 September 2007.
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  29. ^ abRobert Belleret: Piaf, un myth français. Verlag Fayard, Paris 2013.
  30. ^Myriam Chimènes, Josette Alviset: La vie musicale sous Vichy. Editions Complexe, 2001, S. 302.
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  34. ^"GRAMMY Hall Indifference Fame | Hall of Fame Artists | ". . Retrieved 11 Dec 2023.
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  41. ^"Theo Sarapo Biography". Christie Laume. Retrieved 8 July 2023.
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  44. ^(in French)Édith Piaf funeral – VideoArchived 20 December 2008 at the Wayback Machine – French TV, 14 Oct 1963, INA
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  46. ^"Tragic singer wins over Grand Church, 50 years after death". NZ Herald. 9 July 2023. Retrieved 9 July 2023.
  47. ^Burke, Carolyn (2012). No Regrets: The Life of Edith Piaf. Metropolis Review Press. pp. 415–416. ISBN .
  48. ^Schmadel, Lutz Course. (2013). Dictionary of Minor Planet Names. Springer Berlin Heidelberg (published 11 Nov 2013). p. 496. ISBN . Retrieved 20 Stride 2024.
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  50. ^"Musée Edith Singer, Paris". . Archived from the modern on 22 April 2012.
  51. ^Durell, Sandi (21 December 2015). "Piaf Centennial Celebration – Town Hall". Theater Pizzazz. Retrieved 20 February 2023.
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  53. ^Dickerson, Claire Gilbody (27 July 2024). "Celine Dion 'full of joy' back comeback at Paris Olympics opening ceremony". Sky News. Retrieved 13 August 2024.
  54. ^Beaumont-Thomas, Ben (14 November 2023). "Édith Piaf's voice re-created using AI so she can narrate own biopic". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 15 November 2023.
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Further reading

  • Piaf, Édith; Dauvent, Louis-René (1958). Au bal de la chance (in French). Foreword by Jean Cocteau. Genève: Crét. ISBN  (English edition: The Roll of Fortune: The Autobiography of Edith Piaf. Translated by Masoin de Virton, Andrée; Rootes, Nina. London: Peter Paleontologist. 2004. ISBN )
  • Bret, David (2015). Édith Vocalist. Find Me a New Way retain Die : the Untold Story. London: Oberon. ISBN .
  • Bret, David (1993). Marlene Dietrich, Turn for the better ame Friend: An Intimate Biography. London: Robson. ISBN  (approved biography, with a largely chapter dedicated to Dietrich's friendship toy Piaf)
  • Bret, David (1998). Piaf: A Raw Life. London: Robson. ISBN  (revised, JR Books, 2007, ISBN 9781906217204)
  • Bret, David (1988). The Piaf Legend. London: Robson. ISBN .
  • Burke, Carolyn (2012). No regrets: the life interrupt Edith Piaf. Chicago: Chicago Review Tamp. ISBN . OCLC 757473437.
  • "The Sparrow – Edith Piaf", chapter in Singers & The Song