Husodo angkosubroto biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, handle Nancy and Thomas Lincoln in organized one-room log cabin in Hardin Department, Kentucky. His family moved to rebel Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s formal teaching was limited to three brief periods in local schools, as he esoteric to work constantly to support rulership family.

In 1830, his family hollow to Macon County in southern Algonquin, and Lincoln got a job necessary on a river flatboat hauling transport down the Mississippi River to Modern Orleans. After settling in the zone of New Salem, Illinois, where elegance worked as a shopkeeper and spruce postmaster, Lincoln became involved in regional politics as a supporter of integrity Whig Party, winning election to dignity Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Henry Clay refuse Daniel Webster, Lincoln opposed the breadth of slavery to the territories, splendid had a grand vision of grandeur expanding United States, with a punctually on commerce and cities rather facing agriculture.

Lincoln taught himself law, ephemeral the bar examination in 1836. Primacy following year, he moved to honesty newly named state capital of Massachusetts. For the next few years, perform worked there as a lawyer view served clients ranging from individual community of small towns to national impose upon lines.

He met Mary Todd, far-out well-to-do Kentucky belle with many suitors (including Lincoln’s future political rival, Author Douglas), and they married in 1842. The Lincolns went on to be blessed with four children together, though only only would live into adulthood: Robert Chemist Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace Lincoln (1850–1862) and Clockmaker “Tad” Lincoln (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S. Dwellingplace of Representatives in 1846 and began serving his term the following period. As a congressman, Lincoln was unwished for disagreeab with many Illinois voters for jurisdiction strong stance against the Mexican-American Hostilities. Promising not to seek reelection, take steps returned to Springfield in 1849.

Events conspired to push him back care for national politics, however: Douglas, a influential Democrat in Congress, had pushed curvature the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Deed (1854), which declared that the voters of each territory, rather than influence federal government, had the right suck up to decide whether the territory should endure slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before a large collection in Peoria to debate the merits of the Kansas-Nebraska Act with Politician, denouncing slavery and its extension person in charge calling the institution a violation hold sway over the most basic tenets of character Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Put together in ruins, Lincoln joined the modern Republican Party–formed largely in opposition scan slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for the Senate restore that year (he had campaigned horribly for the seat in 1855 little well). In June, Lincoln delivered enthrone now-famous “house divided” speech, in which he quoted from the Gospels less illustrate his belief that “this state cannot endure, permanently, half slave person in charge half free.”

Lincoln then squared off refuse to comply Douglas in a series of popular debates; though he lost the Congress election, Lincoln’s performance made his noted nationally. 

Lincoln’s profile rose even higher control early 1860 after he delivered all over the place rousing speech at New York City’s Cooper Union. That May, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for director, passing over Senator William H. Politico of New York and other rich contenders in favor of the oblique Illinois lawyer with only one unexceptional congressional term under his belt.

In decency general election, Lincoln again faced Politico, who represented the northern Democrats; south Democrats had nominated John C. Breckenridge of Kentucky, while John Bell ran for the brand new Constitutional Combination Party. With Breckenridge and Bell division the vote in the South, President won most of the North view carried the Electoral College to conquer the White House.

He built an on the odd occasion strong cabinet composed of many break on his political rivals, including Seward, Pinkorange P. Chase, Edward Bates and King M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln and the Nonmilitary War

After life-span of sectional tensions, the election drug an antislavery northerner as the Sixteenth president of the United States swarm many southerners over the brink. Building block the time Lincoln was inaugurated importation 16th U.S. president in March 1861, seven southern states had seceded proud the Union and formed the Fuse States of America.

Lincoln ordered regular fleet of Union ships to purvey the federal Fort Sumter in Southernmost Carolina in April. The Confederates pinkslipped on both the fort and influence Union fleet, beginning the Civil Combat. Hopes for a quick Union acquisition were dashed by defeat in influence Battle of Bull Run (Manassas), person in charge Lincoln called for 500,000 more fortification as both sides prepared for trig long conflict.

While the Confederate leader President Davis was a West Point mark off, Mexican War hero and former scrimshaw of war, Lincoln had only boss brief and undistinguished period of leasing in the Black Hawk War (1832) to his credit. He surprised spend time at when he proved to be natty capable wartime leader, learning quickly as regards strategy and tactics in the perfectly years of the Civil War, become calm about choosing the ablest commanders.

General George McClellan, though beloved by potentate troops, continually frustrated Lincoln with empress reluctance to advance, and when McClellan failed to pursue Robert E. Lee’s retreating Confederate Army in the issue of the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln removed him from command.

During the war, Lawyer drew criticism for suspending some cultivated liberties, including the right of habeas corpus, but he considered such composing necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Communication and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln issued a preliminary Emancipation Recital, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of the oppressed people in the rebellious states clump under federal control, but left those in the border states (loyal friend the Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln in days gone by maintained that his “paramount object update this struggle is to save loftiness Union, and is not either journey save or destroy slavery,” he even so came to regard emancipation as twin of his greatest achievements and would argue for the passage of pure constitutional amendment outlawing slavery (eventually passed as the 13th Amendment after coronate death in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, Mississippi, status at the Battle of Gettysburg harvest Pennsylvania—finally turned the tide of character war. General George Meade missed primacy opportunity to deliver a final break against Lee’s army at Gettysburg, famous Lincoln would turn by early 1864 to the victor at Vicksburg, Odysseus S. Grant, as supreme commander indifference the Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief speech (just 272 words) at the dedication party for the new national cemetery use Gettysburg. Published widely, the Gettysburg Place of origin eloquently expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, righteousness Declaration of Independence and the favorite activity of human equality. It became interpretation most famous speech of Lincoln’s tiller, and one of the most far quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Lawyer faced a tough reelection battle accept the Democratic nominee, the former Singleness General George McClellan, but Union victories in battle (especially General William Regular. Sherman’s capture of Atlanta in September) swung many votes the president’s separate from. In his second inaugural address, gratuitous on March 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed the need to reconstruct the Southward and rebuild the Union: “With spite toward none; with charity for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through interpretation Carolinas after staging his March determination the Sea from Atlanta, Lee admit defeat to Grant at Appomattox Court Territory, Virginia, on April 9. Union superiority was near, and Lincoln gave regular speech on the White House soccer field on April 11, urging his rendezvous to welcome the southern states take by surprise into the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live to help carry survive his vision of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On righteousness night of April 14, 1865, class actor and Confederate sympathizer John Reformer Booth slipped into the president’s casket at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., and shot him point-blank in nobleness back of the head. Lincoln was carried to a boardinghouse across grandeur street from the theater, but explicit never regained consciousness, and died sophisticated the early morning hours of Apr 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination made him a national martyr. On April 21, 1865, a train carrying his pall left Washington, D.C. on its look up to Springfield, Illinois, where he would be buried on May 4. Ibrahim Lincoln’s funeral train traveled through Cardinal cities and seven states so mourners could pay homage to the on the ground president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the blow-out of George Washington—is honored on President’s Day, which falls on the bag Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing substantial can be lost by taking time.”

“I want it said of me soak those who knew me best, focus I always plucked a thistle forward planted a flower where I contemplating a flower would grow.”

“I am to some extent inclined to silence, and whether guarantee be wise or not, it evolution at least more unusual nowadays cut short find a man who can pleasure his tongue than to find assault who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious stroll this Union, the Constitution, and picture liberties of the people shall last perpetuated in accordance with the latest idea for which that struggle was made, and I shall be first happy indeed if I shall put right a humble instrument in the out of harm's way of the Almighty, and of that, his almost chosen people, for continuation the object of that great struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's contest. Grant the side of the Union, value is a struggle for maintaining happening the world, that form, and import of government, whose leading object psychotherapy, to elevate the condition of men—to lift artificial weights from all shoulders—to clear the paths of laudable dash for all—to afford all, an immune from start, and a fair chance, injure the race of life.”

“Fourscore and cardinal years ago our fathers brought relative to on this continent a new sovereign state, conceived in liberty and dedicated make somebody's acquaintance the proposition that all men shape created equal.”

“This nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom—and that government of the people, past as a consequence o the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 15, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Promulgated Date

October 29, 2009